c-ares is a modern DNS (stub) resolver library, written in C. It provides interfaces for asynchronous queries while trying to abstract the intricacies of the underlying DNS protocol. It was originally intended for applications which need to perform DNS queries without blocking, or need to perform multiple DNS queries in parallel.
One of the goals of c-ares is to be a better DNS resolver than is provided by your system, regardless of which system you use. We recommend using the c-ares library in all network applications even if the initial goal of asynchronous resolution is not necessary to your application.
c-ares will build with any C89 compiler and is MIT licensed, which makes it suitable for both free and commercial software. c-ares runs on Linux, FreeBSD, OpenBSD, MacOS, Solaris, AIX, Windows, Android, iOS and many more operating systems.
c-ares has a strong focus on security, implementing safe parsers and data builders used throughout the code, thus avoiding many of the common pitfalls of other C libraries. Through automated testing with our extensive testing framework, c-ares is constantly validated with a range of static and dynamic analyzers, as well as being constantly fuzzed by OSS Fuzz.
While c-ares has been around for over 20 years, it has been actively maintained both in regards to the latest DNS RFCs as well as updated to follow the latest best practices in regards to C coding standards.
Download
c-ares 1.34.2 (15-oct-2024) GPG Changelog
Valid PGP / GPG signing keys for packages are:
- Daniel Stenberg <daniel@haxx.se> - 27EDEAF22F3ABCEB50DB9A125CC908FDB71E12C2
- Brad House <brad@brad-house.com> - DA7D64E4C82C6294CB73A20E22E3D13B5411B7CA
You can also download old packages
Features
See Features
Supported RFCs and Proposals
- RFC1035. Initial/Base DNS RFC
- RFC2671, RFC6891. EDNS0 option (meta-RR)
- RFC3596.
IPv6 Address.
AAAA
Record. - RFC2782.
Server Selection.
SRV
Record. - RFC3403.
Naming Authority Pointer.
NAPTR
Record. - RFC6698.
DNS-Based Authentication of Named Entities (DANE) Transport Layer Security (TLS) Protocol.
TLSA
Record. - RFC9460.
General Purpose Service Binding, Service Binding type for use with HTTPS.
SVCB
andHTTPS
Records. - RFC7553.
Uniform Resource Identifier.
URI
Record. - RFC6844.
Certification Authority Authorization.
CAA
Record. - RFC2535,
RFC2931.
SIG0
Record. Only basic parser, not full implementation. - RFC7873, RFC9018. DNS Cookie off-path dns poisoning and amplification mitigation.
- draft-vixie-dnsext-dns0x20-00. DNS 0x20 query name case randomization to prevent cache poisioning attacks.
- RFC7686.
Reject queries for
.onion
domain names withNXDOMAIN
. - RFC2606,
RFC6761.
Special case treatment for
localhost
/.localhost
. - RFC2308, RFC9520. Negative Caching of DNS Resolution Failures.
- RFC6724.
IPv6 address sorting as used by
ares_getaddrinfo()
. - RFC7413. TCP FastOpen (TFO) for 0-RTT TCP Connection Resumption.
- RFC3986. Uniform Resource Identifier (URI). Used for server configuration.
Communication
Issues and Feature Requests should be reported to our GitHub Issues page.
Discussions around c-ares and its use are held on GitHub Discussions or the Mailing List. Mailing list archive here. Please, do not mail volunteers privately about c-ares.
Security vulnerabilities are treated according to our security procedure, please email c-ares-security at haxx.se if you suspect one. Previous security vulnerabilities.
Source code
Browse the git repository on GitHub.
Check out from git like this:
git clone https://github.com/c-ares/c-ares.git
Who is c-ares?
Contributions have been made by these friendly people.
c-ares is being used by:
- libcurl
- Wireshark
- NodeJS
- UnrealIRCd
- BZFlag
- Xymon
- libevnet
- gLite
- aria2
- sipsak
- Second Life
- Apache Arrow … and more
Please let us know if you use it!